Au milieu des années 1990, elle co-fonde le Think Thank African American Policy forum, qui travaille sur les problématiques de diversité et de genre. That was the first place that I came across it, and that’s honestly the place that most people first came across it in the public eye.”. Notes. Indeed, intersectionality is intended to ask a lot of individuals and movements alike, requiring that efforts to address one form of oppression take others into account. I’ve never said that. When Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term 30 years ago, it was a relatively obscure legal concept. Et ses comptes sur les réseaux sociaux : Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, Instagram. July 29, 2014; Credit... Jeannie Phan. Crenshaw’s theory went mainstream, arriving in the Oxford English Dictionary in 2015 and gaining widespread attention during the 2017 Women’s March, an event whose organizers noted how women’s “intersecting identities” meant that they were “impacted by a multitude of social justice and human rights issues.” As Crenshaw told me, laughing, “the thing that’s kind of ironic about intersectionality is that it had to leave town” — the world of the law — “in order to get famous.”, She compared the experience of seeing other people talking about intersectionality to an “out-of-body experience,” telling me, “Sometimes I’ve read things that say, ‘Intersectionality, blah, blah, blah,’ and then I’d wonder, ‘Oh, I wonder whose intersectionality that is,’ and then I’d see me cited, and I was like, ‘I’ve never written that. Kimberlé Crenshaw’s ears must have been burning with alarming regularity and intensity over the last couple of years. Famous Educator Kimberle Williams Crenshaw is still alive (as per Wikipedia, Last update: December, 2018). 1 article de revue. Grâce à son travail, elle a influencé la constitution sud-africaine sur la question de l’égalité raciale, en sensibilisant les juges lors d’ateliers qu’elle a elle-même conçus. Her primary scholarly interests center around race and the law, and she was a founder and has been a leader in the intellectual movement called Critical Race Theory. Pourtant, beaucoup de femmes noires de France se réclamant de l’afro-féminisme se sont immédiatement identifiées à ce concept et y ont vu enfin l’expression formelle et sociologique de leurs maux. It’s sort of this commonsense notion that different categories of people have different kinds of experience.”. Then it went viral. Kimberle Williams Crenshaw : Age, Height & Weight. By Kimberle Williams Crenshaw. Pays : Etats-Unis. Once we acknowledge the role of race and racism, what do we do about it? Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw (/ ˈ k ɪ m b ər l i /; born 1959) is an American lawyer, civil rights advocate, philosopher, and a leading scholar of critical race theory who developed the theory of intersectionality.She is a full-time professor at the UCLA School of Law and Columbia Law School, where she specializes in race and gender issues. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw (naskiĝis en 1959) estas usona civilrajta advokato kaj eminenta juristo pri kritika ras-teorio.Ŝi estas profesoro ĉe la juraj skoloj de la Universitato de Kalifornio ĉe Los-Anĝeleso kaj la Universitato Kolumbio, kie ŝia fako temas pri rasaj kaj seksaj aferoj. promotes solipsism at the personal level and division at the social level. Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams [Nom de personne] Information (par souci de protection des données à caractère personnel, le jour et le mois de naissance ne sont pas affichés) Langue d'expression : Anglais. We meet in one of the dining rooms of her hotel in central London, her base while she’s on a whistlestop lecture tour. C’est en produisant une étude sur les discriminations subies par les femmes noires et pauvres aux Etats-Unis, publiée en 1991, qu’elle invente le terme sociologique d’ « intersectionalité ». They object to its implications, uses, and, most importantly, its consequences, what some conservatives view as the upending of racial and cultural hierarchies to create a new one. [1] Je reste redevable aux nombreuses personnes qui m’ont soutenue au cours de ce projet. But the court decided that efforts to bind together both racial discrimination and sex discrimination claims — rather than sue on the basis of each separately — would be unworkable. By choosing I Accept, you consent to our use of cookies and other tracking technologies. Basically, the company simply did not hire black women before 1964, meaning that when seniority-based layoffs arrived during an early 1970s recession, all the black women hired after 1964 were subsequently laid off. If they were, and not largely focused on whom intersectionality would benefit or burden, conservatives wouldn’t use their own identities as part of their critiques. Born. “Somebody who is LGBT is going to experience the world differently than somebody who’s straight. When Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term 30 years ago, it was a relatively obscure legal concept. Car, le Noir étant d’abord réduit à sa condition de Noir, il ne peut en réalité prétendre aux autres droits ou revendications en dehors de cette condition. Women Moment Political. But Crenshaw isn’t seeking to build a racial hierarchy with black women at the top. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw / December 21, 2020. TOUS DROITS Réservés © 2014-2021 NOFI GROUP. Efforts to fight racism would require examining other forms of prejudice (like anti-Semitism, for example); efforts to eliminate gender disparities would require examining how women of color experience gender bias differently from white women (and how nonwhite men do too, compared to white men). This is a highly unusual level of disdain for a word that until several years ago was a legal term in relative obscurity outside academic circles. Before the arguments raised by the originators of critical race theory, there wasn’t much criticism describing the way structures of law and society could be intrinsically racist, rather than simply distorted by racism while otherwise untainted with its stain. As Crenshaw details, in May 1976, Judge Harris Wangelin ruled against the plaintiffs, writing in part that “black women” could not be considered a separate, protected class within the law, or else it would risk opening a “Pandora’s box” of minorities who would demand to be heard in the law: “The legislative history surrounding Title VII does not indicate that the goal of the statute was to create a new classification of ‘black women’ who would have greater standing than, for example, a black male. Indeed, they largely agree that it accurately describes the way people from different backgrounds encounter the world. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw (* 1959 Canton, Ohio) je americká právnička a obhájkyně občanských práv. Ce n'est pas une machine à faire des mâles blancs les nouveaux parias » Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw. She is the cofounder and executive director of the African American Policy Forum, a gender and racial justice legal think tank, and the founder and executive director of the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law. The Unacceptable Costs of Appeasing MAGA Nation Why we can’t afford to make peace with white supremacists. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw. According to her biography on the Columbia Law School website, her areas of expertise are “civil rights, black feminist legal theory, and race, racism, and the law.” She earned her law degree from Harvard Law School in 1984 and her B.A. Je profesorkou na UCLA School of Law a na Columbia Law School, kde se specializuje na rasové a genderové záležitosti. Crenshaw first publicly laid out her theory of intersectionality in 1989, when she published a paper in the University of Chicago Legal Forum titled “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex.” You can read that paper here. Cette notion implique de regrouper toutes les formes de discrimination, à contrario de la façon dont les sociétés occidentales segmentent ces violences. Intersectionality operates as both the observance and analysis of power imbalances, and the tool by which those power imbalances could be eliminated altogether. Then it went viral. Crenshaw, who is a professor at both Columbia and the University of California Los Angeles, had just returned from an overseas trip to speak at the Sorbonne and the London School of Economics. Because, as David French, a writer for National Review who described intersectionality as “the dangerous faith” in 2018, told me, the idea is more or less indisputable. le Noir étant d’abord réduit à sa condition de Noir, il ne peut en réalité prétendre aux autres droits ou revendications en dehors de cette condition. The prospect of the creation of new classes of protected minorities, governed only by the mathematical principles of permutation and combination, clearly raises the prospect of opening the hackneyed Pandora’s box.”. This was, she argued, a delusion as comforting as it was dangerous. Crenshaw has watched all this with no small measure of surprise. Kimberlé W. Crenshaw is a pioneering scholar and writer on civil rights, critical race theory, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw et le concept d’intersectionnalité. Crenshaw said conservative criticisms of intersectionality weren’t really aimed at the theory. Il ne s'agit pas de politique identitaire sous stéroïdes. It tells you how oppressed you are. Mari Matsuda, a law professor at the University of Hawaii who has worked with Crenshaw on issues relating to race and racism for years, told me, “She is not one to back away from making people uncomfortable.”, I also spoke with Kevin Minofu, a former student of Crenshaw’s who is now a postdoctoral research scholar at the African American Policy Forum, a think tank co-founded by Crenshaw in 1996 with a focus on eliminating structural inequality. It tells you what you’re allowed to say, what you’re allowed to think.” Intersectionality is thus “really dangerous” or a “conspiracy theory of victimization.”. By Jane Coaston Updated May 28, 2019, 9:09am EDT The conservatives I spoke to understood quite well what intersectionality is. They say the concept of intersectionality — the idea that people experience discrimination differently depending on their overlapping identities — isn’t the problem. 1959 Age 58. Make a contribution today. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw es una académica estadounidense especializada en el campo de la teoría crítica de la raza, y profesora de la Facultad de Derecho de UCLA y la Facultad de Derecho de Columbia, donde se dedica a la investigación sobre temáticas de raza y género. Kimberle Williams Crenshaw Dead or Alive? “I would define intersectionality as, at least the way that I’ve seen it manifest on college campuses, and in a lot of the political left, as a hierarchy of victimhood in which people are considered members of a victim class by virtue of membership in a particular group, and at the intersection of various groups lies the ascent on the hierarchy.”, And in that new “hierarchy of victimhood,” Shapiro told me, white men would be at the bottom. Kimberlé Crenshaw. At the bottom of the totem pole is the person everybody loves to hate: the straight white male.” At the end of the video, Shapiro concludes, “But what do I know? In Crenshaw’s civil rights law class, he said, “what she did in the course was really imbue a very deep understanding of American society, American legal culture, and American power systems.”, Minofu described Crenshaw’s understanding of intersectionality as “not really concerned with shallow questions of identity and representation but ... more interested in the deep structural and systemic questions about discrimination and inequality.”. In her mildly overheated office, the professor was affable and friendly as she answered questions while law students entered her office intermittently as they prepared for a panel discussion coincidentally titled “Mythbusting Intersectionality” scheduled for that evening. Kimberle Williams Crenshaw’s age 58 years (as in 2019), height Unknown & weight Not Available. Les discours féministes et antiracistes contemporains n’ont pas su repérer les points d’intersection du racisme et du patriarcat. “Intersectionality was a prism to bring to light dynamics within discrimination law that weren’t being appreciated by the courts,” Crenshaw said. 1, Article 8. Crenshaw argues in her paper that by treating black women as purely women or purely black, the courts, as they did in 1976, have repeatedly ignored specific challenges that face black women as a group. And who should be responsible for addressing racism, anyway? To understand what intersectionality is, and what it has become, you have to look at Crenshaw’s body of work over the past 30 years on race and civil rights. via Wikimedia Commons. Si vous appréciez notre contenu et voulez nous permettre de continuer à en créer, nous vous encourageons à désactiver Adblock. Black women are both black and women, but because they are black women, they endure specific forms of discrimination that black men, or white women, might not. “An African American man is going to experience the world differently than an African American woman,” French told me. Kimberlé Crenshaw’s Intersectional Feminism. In addition to her position at Columbia Law School, she is a Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of California, Los Angeles. When you talk to conservatives about the term itself, however, they’re more measured. By: The Editors. Modèle de réussite et d’élévation pour la communauté afro-américaine et noire en générale, ce qui en fait une femme hors du commun, c’est surtout la fibre militante qui l’anime depuis toujours. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, professor of law at UCLA and Columbia Law School and Centennial Professor at the London School of Economics 2016-2018, is a leading authority in the area of Civil Rights, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. Je autorkou teorie intersekcionality. That is just not how I think about intersectionality.’”, She added, “What was puzzling is that usually with ideas that people take seriously, they actually try to master them, or at least try to read the sources that they are citing for the proposition. “In particular, courts seem to think that race discrimination was what happened to all black people across gender and sex discrimination was what happened to all women, and if that is your framework, of course, what happens to black women and other women of color is going to be difficult to see.”, But then something unexpected happened. Toutefois, c’est surtout grâce à ses recherches et ses prises de position sur les questions de féminisme. L’intersectionnalité est un concept qui se démocratise en France depuis quelques années. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw est une féministe convaincue. A policy like that didn’t fall under just gender or just race discrimination. Ainsi, si vous êtes une femme, noire, pauvre, célibataire, homosexuelle par exemple, vous cristallisez toutes ces discriminations, et ces dernières se renforcent les unes et les autres. The current debate over intersectionality is really three debates: one based on what academics like Crenshaw actually mean by the term, one based on how activists seeking to eliminate disparities between groups have interpreted the term, and a third on how some conservatives are responding to its use by those activists. Millions rely on Vox’s explainers to understand an increasingly chaotic world. This raises big, difficult questions, ones that many people (even those who purport to abide by “intersectionalist” values) are unprepared, or unwilling, to answer. It was coined in 1989 by professor Kimberlé Crenshaw to describe how race, class, gender, and other individual characteristics “intersect” with one another and overlap. Par exemple, l’intersectionnalité pose comme postulat que l’homophobie subie par les femmes noires lesbiennes est une violence nécessairement liée à leur condition initiale de femmes noires, qui est déjà perçue comme un handicap au sein de la société. To them, intersectionality isn’t just describing a hierarchy of oppression but, in practice, an inversion of it, such that being a white straight cisgender man is made anathema. Please also read our Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, which became effective December 20, 2019. 2 minutes Share Tweet Email Print. The paper centers on three legal cases that dealt with the issues of both racial discrimination and sex discrimination: DeGraffenreid v. General Motors, Moore v. Hughes Helicopter, Inc., and Payne v. Travenol. In other words, the law seemed to forget that black women are both black and female, and thus subject to discrimination on the basis of both race, gender, and often, a combination of the two. “Where the fight begins,” French said, “is when intersectionality moves from descriptive to prescriptive.” It is as if intersectionality were a language with which conservatives had no real problem, until it was spoken. Nous utilisons des cookies pour vous garantir la meilleure expérience sur notre site web. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw est un professeur de référence aux Etats-Unis. August 1, 2020 July 31, 2020. Diplômée de l’université de Harvard, entre autres certifications, elle enseigne à la faculté de Droit de Columbia (Columbia Law School), l’une des plus anciennes et prestigieuses du pays (Ivy League) ainsi qu’à la UCLA School of law. Families, community leaders, and others must create the public will to address the challenges facing black girls and other girls of color as well by listening to them, valuing their experiences, and becoming actively involved in creating policies and innovative programs that promote their well-being. But Crenshaw said that contrary to her critics’ objections, intersectionality isn’t “an effort to create the world in an inverted image of what it is now.” Rather, she said, the point of intersectionality is to make room “for more advocacy and remedial practices” to create a more egalitarian system. I met Kimberlé Crenshaw in her office at Columbia Law School on Manhattan’s Upper West Side on a rainy day in January. (I asked Shapiro this question directly, and he said, “the original articulation of the idea by Crenshaw is accurate and not a problem.”) Rather, they’re deeply concerned by the practice of intersectionality, and moreover, what they concluded intersectionality would ask, or demand, of them and of society. About Edit. Si vous continuez à utiliser ce site, nous supposerons que vous en êtes satisfait. She is the cofounder and executive director of the African American Policy Forum, a gender and racial justice legal think tank, and the founder and executive director of the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw est un professeur de référence aux Etats-Unis. Still, as Crenshaw told me, “plenty of people choose not to assume that the prism [of intersectionality] necessarily demands anything in particular of them.”. What many conservatives object to is not the term but its application on college campuses and beyond. Jeune femme vive, impétueuse et toujours bienveillante, elle vous apporte une vision sans filtre de l'actualité. És especialment coneguda per encunyar el 1989 el concepte d'«interseccionalitat». University of Wisconsin, 1985 UCLA Faculty Since 1986 Kimberlé Crenshaw teaches Civil Rights and other courses in critical race studies and constitutional law. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. It took Kimberlé Crenshaw, an esteemed civil rights advocate and law professor, about 60 seconds to lay out the importance of “intersectional feminism” … LOS ANGELES — “ANYTHING that makes life harder for women makes life harder for families and makes life … Kimberle Williams Crenshaw. Elle a été élue professeur de l’année en 1991 et 1994. Chip in as little as $3 to help keep Vox free for all. from Cornell University in 1981. We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from. Kimberlé Crenshaw, Professor of Law at UCLA and Columbia Law School and Centennial Professor at the London School of Economics 2016-2018, Is a leading authority in the area of Civil Rights, Black feminist legal theory, and race, racism and the law. 1989: Iss. Es especialmente conocida por acuñar en 1989 el concepto “interseccionalidad”. Her articles have appeared in the Harvard Law Review, National Black Law Journal, Stanford Law Review, and Southern California Law Review.
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